Qualified Medication Aides (QMA) Practice Exam

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What is the function of diuretics in medication?

Increase blood pressure
Decrease blood volume
Promote fluid retention
Stimulate heart rate

The correct answer is: Decrease blood volume

Diuretics are primarily used to decrease blood volume by promoting the excretion of water and electrolytes through urine. This action reduces the amount of fluid circulating in the bloodstream, which can help to lower blood pressure and reduce the workload on the heart, making them particularly important in the management of conditions like hypertension and heart failure. By decreasing blood volume, diuretics effectively alleviate symptoms associated with excess fluid, such as edema. In contrast, the other options do not align with the action of diuretics. For example, increasing blood pressure and promoting fluid retention contradict the diuretic's primary function of removing excess fluid. Similarly, stimulating heart rate is unrelated to the mechanisms through which diuretics operate, as they mainly influence fluid balance rather than direct heart rate modulation.